[{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/www.tfinal.sk\/pocitacove-virusy-a-skodlivy-softver-fakty-a-casto-kladene-otazky\/#Article","mainEntityOfPage":"https:\/\/www.tfinal.sk\/pocitacove-virusy-a-skodlivy-softver-fakty-a-casto-kladene-otazky\/","headline":"Po\u010d\u00edta\u010dov\u00e9 v\u00edrusy a \u0161kodliv\u00fd softv\u00e9r: fakty a \u010dasto kladen\u00e9 ot\u00e1zky","name":"Po\u010d\u00edta\u010dov\u00e9 v\u00edrusy a \u0161kodliv\u00fd softv\u00e9r: fakty a \u010dasto kladen\u00e9 ot\u00e1zky","description":"Pojem „\u0161kodliv\u00fd softv\u00e9r“ sa pou\u017e\u00edva na pop\u00edsanie \u0161kodliv\u00e9ho softv\u00e9ru v po\u010d\u00edta\u010di alebo mobilnom zariaden\u00ed. Tieto programy s\u00fa in\u0161talovan\u00e9 bez s\u00fahlasu pou\u017e\u00edvate\u013ea a m\u00f4\u017ee sp\u00f4sobi\u0165 cel\u00fd rad nepr\u00edjemn\u00fdch \u00fa\u010dinkov, ako je zn\u00ed\u017eenie v\u00fdkonu po\u010d\u00edta\u010da, ukradnutie osobn\u00fdch \u00fadajov, zmazanie d\u00e1t, alebo dokonca maj\u00fa vplyv na v\u00fdkon po\u010d\u00edta\u010dov\u00e9ho hardv\u00e9ru. Ke\u010f\u017ee kybernetick\u00ed krimin\u00e1lnici prich\u00e1dzaj\u00fa so sofistikovan\u00fdmi sp\u00f4sobmi, ako prenikn\u00fa\u0165 … ","datePublished":"2018-02-25","dateModified":"2023-04-26","author":{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/www.tfinal.sk\/author\/#Person","name":"","url":"https:\/\/www.tfinal.sk\/author\/","identifier":1,"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/93f351f97d5e20a41105810347d62b8b573eebe9313df1f71432877ed17f5f1a?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/93f351f97d5e20a41105810347d62b8b573eebe9313df1f71432877ed17f5f1a?s=96&d=mm&r=g","height":96,"width":96}},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"tfinal.sk","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"\/logo.png","url":"\/logo.png","width":600,"height":60}},"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/www.tfinal.sk\/wp-content\/uploads\/img_a287228_w16486_t1524665868.jpg","url":"https:\/\/www.tfinal.sk\/wp-content\/uploads\/img_a287228_w16486_t1524665868.jpg","height":0,"width":0},"url":"https:\/\/www.tfinal.sk\/pocitacove-virusy-a-skodlivy-softver-fakty-a-casto-kladene-otazky\/","about":["Internet"],"wordCount":548,"articleBody":"Pojem „\u0161kodliv\u00fd softv\u00e9r“ sa pou\u017e\u00edva na pop\u00edsanie \u0161kodliv\u00e9ho softv\u00e9ru v po\u010d\u00edta\u010di alebo mobilnom zariaden\u00ed. Tieto programy s\u00fa in\u0161talovan\u00e9 bez s\u00fahlasu pou\u017e\u00edvate\u013ea a m\u00f4\u017ee sp\u00f4sobi\u0165 cel\u00fd rad nepr\u00edjemn\u00fdch \u00fa\u010dinkov, ako je zn\u00ed\u017eenie v\u00fdkonu po\u010d\u00edta\u010da, ukradnutie osobn\u00fdch \u00fadajov, zmazanie d\u00e1t, alebo dokonca maj\u00fa vplyv na v\u00fdkon po\u010d\u00edta\u010dov\u00e9ho hardv\u00e9ru. Ke\u010f\u017ee kybernetick\u00ed krimin\u00e1lnici prich\u00e1dzaj\u00fa so sofistikovan\u00fdmi sp\u00f4sobmi, ako prenikn\u00fa\u0165 do pou\u017e\u00edvate\u013esk\u00fdch syst\u00e9mov, malwarov\u00fd trh sa zna\u010dne roz\u0161\u00edril. Po\u010fme sa pozrie\u0165 na niektor\u00e9 z najbe\u017enej\u0161\u00edch typov \u0161kodliv\u00e9ho softv\u00e9ru, ktor\u00e9 mo\u017eno n\u00e1js\u0165 na internete. 1. V\u00edrusy Po\u010d\u00edta\u010dov\u00e9 v\u00edrusy dostali svoje meno za schopnos\u0165 „infikova\u0165“ ve\u013ea s\u00faborov v po\u010d\u00edta\u010di. Roz\u0161iruj\u00fa sa aj na in\u00e9 po\u010d\u00edta\u010de, ke\u010f s\u00fa infikovan\u00e9 s\u00fabory posielan\u00e9 e-mailom alebo prenesen\u00e9 pou\u017e\u00edvate\u013emi na fyzick\u00e9 m\u00e9di\u00e1, napr\u00edklad na disky USB alebo (sk\u00f4r) na disket\u00e1ch. 2. \u010cervy Na rozdiel od v\u00edrusov, si \u010dervy na ich distrib\u00faciu nevy\u017eaduj\u00fa z\u00e1sah \u010dloveka: infikuj\u00fa jeden po\u010d\u00edta\u010d a potom prostredn\u00edctvom po\u010d\u00edta\u010dov\u00fdch siet\u00ed sa \u0161\u00edria sa do in\u00fdch strojov bez \u00fa\u010dasti majite\u013eov. Ak pou\u017e\u00edvate slab\u00e9 miesta siete, napr\u00edklad nedostatky v e-mailov\u00fdch programoch, \u010dervy m\u00f4\u017eu posiela\u0165 tis\u00edce svojich k\u00f3pi\u00ed a infikova\u0165 v\u0161etky nov\u00e9 syst\u00e9my a proces sa znova za\u010dne. Okrem toho, \u017ee mnoho \u010dervov jednoducho „jedia“ syst\u00e9mov\u00e9 zdroje, \u010d\u00edm sa zni\u017euje v\u00fdkon po\u010d\u00edta\u010da, v\u00e4\u010d\u0161ina z nich teraz obsahuje aj \u0161kodliv\u00e9 „komponenty“ navrhnut\u00e9 na ukradnutie alebo odstr\u00e1nenie s\u00faborov. 3. Reklamn\u00fd softv\u00e9r Jeden z najbe\u017enej\u0161\u00edch typov malware je adware. Programy automaticky doru\u010duj\u00fa reklamy do hostite\u013esk\u00fdch po\u010d\u00edta\u010dov. Niektor\u00e9 reklamn\u00e9 programy s\u00fa relat\u00edvne ne\u0161kodn\u00e9, in\u00e9 pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00fa n\u00e1stroje na sledovanie, ktor\u00e9 zhroma\u017e\u010fuj\u00fa inform\u00e1cie o va\u0161om mieste pobytu alebo hist\u00f3rii n\u00e1v\u0161tevn\u00fdch str\u00e1nok a zobrazuj\u00fa cie\u013eov\u00e9 reklamy na obrazovke po\u010d\u00edta\u010da. BetaNews informoval o objave nov\u00e9ho typu adware, ktor\u00fd m\u00f4\u017ee s\u00e1m zak\u00e1za\u0165 Va\u0161u antiv\u00edrusov\u00fa ochranu. Ke\u010f\u017ee program Adware je nain\u0161talovan\u00fd so s\u00fahlasom pou\u017e\u00edvate\u013ea, tieto programy nemo\u017eno nazva\u0165 \u0161kodliv\u00fdm: zvy\u010dajne sa ozna\u010duj\u00fa ako „potenci\u00e1lne ne\u017eiad\u00face programy“. 4. Spyware Spyware rob\u00ed to, \u010do nazna\u010duje jeho n\u00e1zov – sleduje va\u0161e \u010dinnosti v po\u010d\u00edta\u010di. Zhroma\u017e\u010fuje inform\u00e1cie (napr\u00edklad zaznamen\u00e1va stla\u010denia kl\u00e1vesov na kl\u00e1vesnici v\u00e1\u0161ho po\u010d\u00edta\u010da, zaznamen\u00e1va str\u00e1nky, ktor\u00e9 nav\u0161t\u00edvite, a dokonca zachyt\u00ed va\u0161e registra\u010dn\u00e9 \u00fadaje), ktor\u00e9 sa potom posielaj\u00fa tret\u00edm stran\u00e1m, zvy\u010dajne zlo\u010dincom. M\u00f4\u017ee tie\u017e zmeni\u0165 niektor\u00e9 nastavenia zabezpe\u010denia na va\u0161om po\u010d\u00edta\u010di alebo naru\u0161i\u0165 sie\u0165ov\u00e9 pripojenia. 5. Programy vydierania Programy vydierania infikuj\u00fa po\u010d\u00edta\u010d, potom \u0161ifruj\u00fa citliv\u00e9 \u00fadaje, napr\u00edklad osobn\u00e9 dokumenty alebo fotografie, a vy\u017eaduj\u00fa si v\u00fdkupn\u00e9 za ich de\u0161ifrovanie. Ak odmietnete zaplati\u0165, \u00fadaje sa vyma\u017e\u00fa. Niektor\u00e9 typy programov vydierania m\u00f4\u017eu \u00faplne zablokova\u0165 pr\u00edstup k v\u00e1\u0161mu po\u010d\u00edta\u010du.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         4.3\/5 - (10 votes)        "},{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BreadcrumbList","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Po\u010d\u00edta\u010dov\u00e9 v\u00edrusy a \u0161kodliv\u00fd softv\u00e9r: fakty a \u010dasto kladen\u00e9 ot\u00e1zky","item":"https:\/\/www.tfinal.sk\/pocitacove-virusy-a-skodlivy-softver-fakty-a-casto-kladene-otazky\/#breadcrumbitem"}]}]